Htjndredths to william henry laird



APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND'UTILIZING GAS FOR HEATING PURPOSES.

Patehted Aug. 22, 189 3.

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I G. A; WATSON. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND UTILIZING GAS FOR HEATING PURPOSES. k

Paten ted Aug. 22; 1893,

fihahwwa I lllllll UNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. wATsON, OF TORONTO, oANADA, ASSIGNOR OE SIXTY-ONE ONE- HUNDREDTHS TO WILLIAM HENRY LAIRD, OF NEw YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND UTILIZING GAS. FOR HEATING PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,817, dated August 22, 1893.

Application filed October 20,1892. Serial No. 449,494- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. WATSON, pattern-maker, of the city of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario,

lanada, have invented a certain new and useful Apparatus for Producing Gas and Utilizing the Produced Gas 'for Heating Purposes; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to certain improvements in heating stoves or furnaces, and particularly in that class of such devices wherein a down draft is employed to facilitate the combustion of the fuel, and the object is to provide a furnace of this character which shall present certain important advantages and economies over other devices heretofore employed, all as will be fully hereinafter described.

The novel features of my invention will be carefully defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which serve to illustrate my invention Figure 1 is a Vertical axial section of a heating stove or furnace embodying my improvements and Fig. 2 is a cross sectional View on the lines a-a Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a cross sectional view on the lines c-c Fig. 1. I

Like numerals of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawlugs.

The device consists essentiallyof afire box comprising a combustion chamber 1, the lower portion 1 of which is of a grate bar construction having openings 2, between the grate bars. These openings 2 are in direct circulation with the outlet 5 to the chimney. Formed integrally with the lower extremity of the combustion chamber 1 is an annular flange 6 which separates the Outlet 5 to the chimney from the ash pit 7. Formed through the walls of the combustion chamber 1 at a point above the line of combustion is a series of openings 8 each of which opens into aduct 9. Each of the ducts 9 is preferably located on the outer side of the combustion chamber 1 and in the Outlet 5 to the chimney and extends downwardly from the openings 8 through the annular flange 6 to the under side of the bottom of the combustion chamber. The lower end of each of the ducts 9 is Open to permit of the passage of a current of air upwardly through them to enter the upper portion of the combustion chamber within the fire-box. Formed in the ash pit7and on the underside of the bottom of the combustion chamber is a mixing chamber 10 having for its bottom a cone shaped perforated metallic plate 10 supported by an annular metallic band in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone. perforated metallic plate 10 is so secured to the annular band 11 that it can swing downward to discharge off its upper surface the "ashes which would naturaliy accumulate in the course of time upon it.

As shown in the drawings the lower extremity of the combustion chamber 1 is pro vided with a grate 16 suitably supported and of any ordinary construction. Located in the combustion chamber 1 and entering it at the upper end is a fuel magazine 4 which contains the fuel to be consumed Within the combustion chamber. The fire or burning fuel rests upon the grate 16 closing the lower extremity of'the combustion chamber 1. While the fuel on the grate 16 is burning the fuel within the combustion chamber 1 above the line of combustion is undergoing a system of decomposition or distillation. The gases produced from the fuel within the upper part of the combustion chamber are combined with a current of heated air introduced into the upper part of the combustion chamber by means of the air ducts 9. The oxygen of the heated air combin ing with the produced gases renders the gases highly inflammable. The gases combined with the oxygen'of the heated air are then drawn downward through theburningfuel and are then permitted to pass through the openings 2 into the outlet 5 to the chimney."

By reference to the drawings it will be noticed that the fuel in the upper part of the combustion chamber is cone-shaped leaving a space between itself and the walls of the combustion chamber in which space the gases 5 accumulate. These gases preferably pass downward through the fuel at or near the outer edge of the fuel or that portion of the fuel contiguous to the inner wall of the combustion chamber. These gases after having 100 passed through the fuel are converted into carbon dioxide by an additional current of The 60 heated air permitted" to pass upward through the grate 16 from the mixing chamber 1O below the under side of the said combustion chamber and-which combines with the said gases in the outlet to the chimney a second combustion takingplace in the said outlet. The fuel which is consumedin the lower part of the combustion chamber is before it is consumed in the form of coke and the air which supports this combustion is obtained from. this additional current of air. The inflammable gases after passing from the fuel pass through the openings 2 to the outlet 5 to the chimney. To e'ifect more complete combus tion with some classes ot'coal l nnd-lt advisable to form through the annular flange 6 a serles of-small openinfgs 6 to admit of a.

small additional current of heated .air from -the mixing chamber 10 to the outlet 5 .to the chimney. This said'small current'of air assists the=combustiontaking place within the 40f coke and this coke is what we have-been de-} .scrlblngprincipallyas the burning fuel.

said-outlet.

:Bythe passage of the afore-mentionedgases through the burning fuel the conversion of the said gases into carbon dioxide'is accomplished and the heat units are abstracted from the said'gases during such conversion and-these gases which yhai'e hitherto passed from the furnace in the form-"0f soot, smoke, and other condensed matter on 'accountof: the1r -non-conversiou into carbondioxide are clarified during their passage through the -burnin g fuel'-and :the tcarbondioxide into which --theyareconverted passes'ofi in the form of an invisible gas thuscompletely-sol-v-' ing the m'omentou-s difficulty.

question -of the smoke: Itimightherebestated that after the. gases have been abstractedfrom the coal the coal ls'con'vertedinto what is commonlyknown as? The heat radiated :from the combustion xchamber-i-sso iutense'that'I find it advisable-i to surround Zthe combustion chamber by a water jacket 1-8 which is fitted-With suit-able; flow-andreturu pipes or if necessary it-m-ay; ibelputiinto circulation with additional water? sections so'arranged around the furnace that? they willabsorb any of the escaping heat from-the combustion chamber.

Having thus fully described my invention.

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by; Letters Patent, is-

1. In the .herein described apparatus for;

producing gas-and utilizing the produced gas for heating purposes the combination of a combustion chamber,a series of tubes surrounding the outer side of the combustion chamber and extending from the lower extremity to a point at or' near the upper extremity thereof the combustion chamber having formed through its'wall at or'near the upper extremity a series of apertures to connect with the. passages through the said tubes, means for connecting the lower extremity of the tubes with the "atmosphere said tubes adapted to convey a current of air to the upper portion of the combustion chamber, a gas chamber and means for forming an outlet'to the chimney, the combustion chamber having formed 'at or near its lower extremity a series of openings-.tothe :gaschamber, .the gases and air. in thevuppenportion of the combustion-chamber adapted to be drawn downwardly through the burning fuel-and pass through the openings at the lower extremity of the combustionchamber to the outlet to the chimney, substantially-as described.

2. In the herein :described apparatusfor producing. gas andutilizing the produced gas for heating purposes the combination'of a combustion chamber, a series of tubes surrounding the outer side'of the combustion chamber and extendingfrom the lower ex- .tremityto the upper extremityithereofi a gas ichamberon the outersideofrthe combustion chamber, an outlet from the, gaschamber to the chi-mneyya seriesof -.opening-siformed at the upper extremity of the combustion-chamher to connect with the passages in the :said

.t-ubes, a series of openings "at thelowerextremity of the combustionrchamber to'connect with the'gas chambe'naamixing-ch-ambe'rbelow the combustion chamber,-means forcconnecting the mixing chamber withthe lower extremity of the said tubes,'means for feeding-the mixing. chamberwith atmospheric-air,said tubes adapted to feed a current of atmospheric-air from the mixing chamber to t'he:uppe'rextremity of the'combustion 'chamberto'combine with the gases :thereat,.-the combined gases and atmospheric air adapted to be drawn downwardlythrough the burning fuel "and ,pass through'the openings at i the lower extremity of i the combustion chamberztorthe gas chamber, substantially as described.

Toronto, October 8, 1892.

GEO. A.'WATSON. In ,presenceof- ROBERT LAIRD, CHARLESH. RIoHEs. 

